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latine et Cara\u00efbes", "Imp\u00f4ts"], "pt_BR": ["Press\u00e3o fiscal", "Am\u00e9rica Latina e Caribe", "Impostos"]}, "contact_point": "opendata@iadb.org", "description": {"en": "The Database of Equivalent Fiscal Pressure (EFP) for Latin America and the Caribbean offers a more complete measure of the total public resources mobilized across the region than conventional tax-to-GDP ratios alone. Built on the IDB-CIAT methodology \u2014 a joint approach developed by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and the Inter-American Center of Tax Administrations (CIAT) \u2014 the database is designed to give policymakers, researchers, and analysts a comparable, long-run view of fiscal effort across countries. This release is the third update of the database and reports its status in the post-COVID-19 pandemic recovery.\r\n\r\n### What Equivalent Fiscal Pressure measures\r\nThe EFP captures the full set of compulsory resources a society contributes to the public sphere, comprising four components: (1) traditional tax revenues from general government, including subnational governments; (2) public contributions to social security; (3) mandatory contributions to private social security schemes; and (4) non-tax revenues from natural resource exploitation. By combining these, the EFP provides a more precise picture of total resource mobilization than tax revenues alone.\r\n\r\n### Key findings\r\nFollowing the upward trend that began in the 1990s, the average EFP for 25 countries rose by more than 6 percentage points of gross domestic product (GDP), increasing from 17.3% to 23.6% between 1990 and 2021. Medium-term dynamics are primarily driven by tax revenues, which grew from 13.5% to 18.0% of GDP over the same period. At the individual country level, there is significant heterogeneity in both the levels and the evolution of tax revenues and EFP.\r\n\r\n### What the data covers\r\nThe dataset spans 1990 to 2021 across the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. It is delivered with a data dictionary and provides both a complete version with detailed country tables and a user-friendly synthetic version, alongside an accompanying report (PDF), in formats such as XLSX suitable for analysis.\r\n\r\n### Access and citation\r\nThe database is openly available through the IDB Open Data portal under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license and carries a DOI for stable referencing in research and policy work.", "es": "M\u00e1s all\u00e1 de los coeficientes habituales de impuestos sobre el producto interno bruto (PIB), la Base de Datos de Presi\u00f3n Fiscal Equivalente (PFE) para Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe permite dimensionar con mayor amplitud los recursos p\u00fablicos que se movilizan en la regi\u00f3n. Se apoya en la metodolog\u00eda BID-CIAT, elaborada de manera conjunta por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) y el Centro Interamericano de Administraciones Tributarias (CIAT), y est\u00e1 pensada para que responsables de pol\u00edticas, investigadores y analistas dispongan de una mirada comparable y de largo plazo sobre el esfuerzo fiscal de cada pa\u00eds. Esta es la tercera actualizaci\u00f3n de la base y da cuenta de la situaci\u00f3n en la recuperaci\u00f3n posterior a la pandemia de COVID-19.\r\n\r\n### Qu\u00e9 mide la Presi\u00f3n Fiscal Equivalente\r\nLa PFE refleja el total de recursos obligatorios que una sociedad destina a lo p\u00fablico y se compone de cuatro elementos: (1) los ingresos tributarios tradicionales del gobierno general, incluidos los gobiernos subnacionales; (2) las contribuciones p\u00fablicas a la seguridad social; (3) las contribuciones obligatorias a esquemas privados de seguridad social; y (4) los ingresos no tributarios derivados de la explotaci\u00f3n de recursos naturales. Sumados, ofrecen un panorama m\u00e1s fiel de la movilizaci\u00f3n total de recursos que el que dan los ingresos tributarios aislados.\r\n\r\n### Hallazgos clave\r\nEn l\u00ednea con la tendencia ascendente iniciada en los a\u00f1os noventa, la PFE promedio de 25 pa\u00edses subi\u00f3 m\u00e1s de 6 puntos porcentuales del PIB, al pasar de 17.3% a 23.6% entre 1990 y 2021. Buena parte de esa din\u00e1mica de mediano plazo proviene de los ingresos tributarios, que avanzaron de 13.5% a 18.0% del PIB en igual lapso. Vista pa\u00eds por pa\u00eds, la situaci\u00f3n es muy dispar, tanto en los niveles como en la trayectoria de los ingresos tributarios y de la PFE.\r\n\r\n### Qu\u00e9 cubren los datos\r\nLa informaci\u00f3n comprende el per\u00edodo 1990-2021 para los pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe. Se acompa\u00f1a de un diccionario de datos e incluye una versi\u00f3n completa con tablas detalladas por pa\u00eds y una versi\u00f3n sint\u00e9tica de manejo sencillo, adem\u00e1s de un informe en PDF, en formatos como XLSX aptos para el an\u00e1lisis.\r\n\r\n### Acceso y citaci\u00f3n\r\nLa base se puede consultar libremente en el portal de Datos Abiertos del BID con una licencia Creative Commons Atribuci\u00f3n 4.0 Internacional y dispone de un DOI que facilita su referencia estable en trabajos de investigaci\u00f3n y de pol\u00edtica.", "fr": "Au-del\u00e0 des seuls ratios habituels imp\u00f4ts/produit int\u00e9rieur brut (PIB), la Base de Donn\u00e9es de la Pression Fiscale \u00c9quivalente (PFE) pour l'Am\u00e9rique latine et les Cara\u00efbes permet de mieux cerner l'ensemble des ressources publiques mobilis\u00e9es dans la r\u00e9gion. Elle repose sur la m\u00e9thodologie BID-CIAT, mise au point conjointement par la Banque interam\u00e9ricaine de d\u00e9veloppement (BID) et le Centre interam\u00e9ricain des administrations fiscales (CIAT), et entend doter responsables politiques, chercheurs et analystes d'une lecture comparable et de long terme de l'effort fiscal pays par pays. Il s'agit ici de la troisi\u00e8me mise \u00e0 jour de la base, qui rend compte de la situation au cours de la reprise faisant suite \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie de COVID-19.\r\n\r\n### Ce que mesure la Pression Fiscale \u00c9quivalente\r\nLa PFE refl\u00e8te l'ensemble des ressources obligatoires qu'une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 consacre \u00e0 la sph\u00e8re publique et se d\u00e9compose en quatre volets : (1) les recettes fiscales traditionnelles de l'administration g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, y compris les administrations infranationales ; (2) les cotisations publiques \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale ; (3) les cotisations obligatoires aux r\u00e9gimes priv\u00e9s de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale ; et (4) les recettes non fiscales tir\u00e9es de l'exploitation des ressources naturelles. R\u00e9unis, ces volets donnent une image plus juste de la mobilisation totale des ressources que les seules recettes fiscales.\r\n\r\n### Principaux enseignements\r\nDans le prolongement de la tendance haussi\u00e8re entam\u00e9e dans les ann\u00e9es 1990, la PFE moyenne de 25 pays a progress\u00e9 de plus de 6 points de pourcentage du PIB, passant de 17,3 % \u00e0 23,6 % entre 1990 et 2021. Cette \u00e9volution \u00e0 moyen terme tient surtout aux recettes fiscales, pass\u00e9es de 13,5 % \u00e0 18,0 % du PIB sur la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode. Pris pays par pays, le tableau est tr\u00e8s contrast\u00e9, aussi bien dans les niveaux que dans l'\u00e9volution des recettes fiscales et de la PFE.\r\n\r\n### Ce que couvrent les donn\u00e9es\r\nLes donn\u00e9es portent sur la p\u00e9riode 1990-2021 pour les pays d'Am\u00e9rique latine et des Cara\u00efbes. Elles s'accompagnent d'un dictionnaire de donn\u00e9es et comportent \u00e0 la fois une version compl\u00e8te, avec des tableaux d\u00e9taill\u00e9s par pays, et une version synth\u00e9tique facile \u00e0 manier, ainsi qu'un rapport au format PDF, dans des formats tels que XLSX adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 l'analyse.\r\n\r\n### Acc\u00e8s et citation\r\nLa base est consultable librement sur le portail de Donn\u00e9es Ouvertes de la BID sous licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International et est dot\u00e9e d'un DOI permettant une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence stable dans les travaux de recherche et de politique publique.", "pt_BR": "Para al\u00e9m dos coeficientes habituais de impostos sobre o produto interno bruto (PIB), a Base de Dados de Press\u00e3o Fiscal Equivalente (PFE) para a Am\u00e9rica Latina e o Caribe permite dimensionar de forma mais ampla os recursos p\u00fablicos mobilizados na regi\u00e3o. Apoia-se na metodologia BID-CIAT, elaborada em conjunto pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID) e pelo Centro Interamericano de Administra\u00e7\u00f5es Tribut\u00e1rias (CIAT), e foi pensada para que formuladores de pol\u00edticas, pesquisadores e analistas tenham uma leitura compar\u00e1vel e de longo prazo do esfor\u00e7o fiscal de cada pa\u00eds. Esta \u00e9 a terceira atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o da base e retrata a situa\u00e7\u00e3o na recupera\u00e7\u00e3o posterior \u00e0 pandemia de COVID-19.\r\n\r\n### O que a Press\u00e3o Fiscal Equivalente mede\r\nA PFE reflete o total de recursos obrigat\u00f3rios que uma sociedade destina ao \u00e2mbito p\u00fablico e re\u00fane quatro elementos: (1) as receitas tribut\u00e1rias tradicionais do governo geral, incluindo os governos subnacionais; (2) as contribui\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00fablicas \u00e0 seguridade social; (3) as contribui\u00e7\u00f5es obrigat\u00f3rias a esquemas privados de seguridade social; e (4) as receitas n\u00e3o tribut\u00e1rias provenientes da explora\u00e7\u00e3o de recursos naturais. Somados, esses elementos oferecem um retrato mais fiel da mobiliza\u00e7\u00e3o total de recursos do que as receitas tribut\u00e1rias isoladas.\r\n\r\n### Principais conclus\u00f5es\r\nNa linha da tend\u00eancia de alta iniciada nos anos 1990, a PFE m\u00e9dia de 25 pa\u00edses subiu mais de 6 pontos percentuais do PIB, passando de 17,3% para 23,6% entre 1990 e 2021. Boa parte dessa din\u00e2mica de m\u00e9dio prazo vem das receitas tribut\u00e1rias, que avan\u00e7aram de 13,5% para 18,0% do PIB no mesmo intervalo. Olhando pa\u00eds por pa\u00eds, o quadro \u00e9 bastante desigual, tanto nos n\u00edveis quanto na trajet\u00f3ria das receitas tribut\u00e1rias e da PFE.\r\n\r\n### O que os dados cobrem\r\nAs informa\u00e7\u00f5es abrangem o per\u00edodo de 1990 a 2021 para os pa\u00edses da Am\u00e9rica Latina e do Caribe. V\u00eam acompanhadas de um dicion\u00e1rio de dados e incluem uma vers\u00e3o completa, com tabelas detalhadas por pa\u00eds, e uma vers\u00e3o sint\u00e9tica de uso simples, al\u00e9m de um relat\u00f3rio em PDF, em formatos como XLSX adequados para an\u00e1lise.\r\n\r\n### Acesso e cita\u00e7\u00e3o\r\nA base pode ser consultada livremente no portal de Dados Abertos do BID sob licen\u00e7a Creative Commons Atribui\u00e7\u00e3o 4.0 Internacional e conta com um DOI que facilita a refer\u00eancia est\u00e1vel em trabalhos de pesquisa e de pol\u00edtica p\u00fablica."}}}