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{"en": "Administrative Data", "es": "Datos Administrativos", "fr": "Donn\u00e9es administratives", "pt_BR": "Dados Administrativos"}}], "keyword": {"en": ["Income Taxation", "Value-Added Tax"], "es": ["Impuesto sobre la renta", "Impuesto al valor agregado"], "fr": ["Imp\u00f4t sur le revenu", "Taxe sur la valeur ajout\u00e9e"], "pt_BR": ["Imposto de renda", "Imposto sobre valor agregado"]}, "contact_point": "opendata@iadb.org", "description": {"en": "The Equivalent Fiscal Pressure (EFP) measures the total fiscal resources collected by countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Calculated using the IDB\u2013CIAT methodology, this indicator reflects the combined impact of taxes, social security contributions, and non-tax revenues.  \n\nThe EFP captures not only traditional taxes but also mandatory contributions to private (actuarial) social security systems and non-tax revenues derived from the exploitation of natural resources. Together, these components provide a more complete view of fiscal pressure across the region.  \n\nIn 2018, the region\u2019s EFP reached 25.2% of GDP, an increase of 0.4 percentage points from 2017. Three key fiscal pillars drove this steady rise:  \n\n- Value-Added Tax (VAT)  \n- Income Tax System (ISR)  \n- Social Security Contributions (SSC) \u2013 both public and private  \n\nBetween 1990 and 2018, these pillars collectively expanded as follows:  \n- VAT grew by 3.4 percentage points of GDP (87.0%)  \n- ISR increased by 2.7 points (77.5%)  \n- Mandatory SSC rose by 1.6 points (59.5%)  \n- Non-tax revenues from natural resources climbed by 0.7 points (317.5%)  \n\nOver the most recent five-year period (2013\u20132018), EFP growth slowed to 1 percentage point of GDP, equivalent to a 4.1% increase. VAT and ISR continued to grow modestly\u20144.8% (to 7.3% of GDP) and 11.8% (to 6.3% of GDP)\u2014while revenues from natural resources fell by 51.9% (to 1.0% of GDP).  \n\nThis dataset complements the region\u2019s tax statistics 2021, offering policymakers and researchers a long-term perspective on how fiscal pressure has evolved and how tax structures shape economic performance across Latin America and the Caribbean.", "es": "La Presi\u00f3n Fiscal Equivalente (PFE) cuantifica el conjunto de recursos fiscales que recaudan los pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe. Construido a partir de la metodolog\u00eda BID\u2013CIAT, este indicador resume el efecto conjunto de los impuestos, los aportes a la seguridad social y los ingresos no tributarios.  \n\nM\u00e1s all\u00e1 de los grav\u00e1menes convencionales, la PFE incorpora las contribuciones obligatorias a los reg\u00edmenes privados (actuariales) de seguridad social, as\u00ed como los ingresos no tributarios que provienen del aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales. La suma de estos elementos brinda una mirada m\u00e1s integral de la presi\u00f3n fiscal regional.  \n\nDurante 2018, la PFE regional se situ\u00f3 en el 25,2 % del PIB, es decir, 0,4 puntos porcentuales por encima de 2017. Tres pilares fiscales clave sostuvieron esa trayectoria ascendente:  \n\n- Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA)  \n- Sistema de Impuesto sobre la Renta (ISR)  \n- Contribuciones a la Seguridad Social (CSS) \u2013 tanto p\u00fablicas como privadas  \n\nA lo largo de 1990 a 2018, estos pilares avanzaron en conjunto del siguiente modo:  \n- El IVA sum\u00f3 3,4 puntos porcentuales del PIB (87,0 %)  \n- El ISR gan\u00f3 2,7 puntos (77,5 %)  \n- Las CSS obligatorias subieron 1,6 puntos (59,5 %)  \n- Los ingresos no tributarios por recursos naturales treparon 0,7 puntos (317,5 %)  \n\nYa en el \u00faltimo quinquenio (2013\u20132018), el avance de la PFE perdi\u00f3 impulso y se limit\u00f3 a 1 punto porcentual del PIB, equivalente a un alza del 4,1 %. El IVA y el ISR mantuvieron un crecimiento moderado \u20144,8 % (hasta 7,3 % del PIB) y 11,8 % (hasta 6,3 % del PIB)\u2014, en tanto que los ingresos por recursos naturales retrocedieron 51,9 % (hasta 1,0 % del PIB).  \n\nEste conjunto de datos complementa las estad\u00edsticas tributarias 2021 de la regi\u00f3n y entrega a responsables de pol\u00edticas e investigadores una lectura de largo plazo sobre la evoluci\u00f3n de la presi\u00f3n fiscal y sobre c\u00f3mo las estructuras tributarias condicionan el desempe\u00f1o econ\u00f3mico en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe.", "fr": "La Pression fiscale \u00e9quivalente (PFE) \u00e9value l'ensemble des ressources fiscales per\u00e7ues par les pays d'Am\u00e9rique latine et des Cara\u00efbes. \u00c9labor\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de la m\u00e9thodologie BID\u2013CIAT, cet indicateur rend compte de l'effet conjugu\u00e9 des imp\u00f4ts, des cotisations de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale et des recettes non fiscales.  \n\nAu-del\u00e0 des pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements classiques, la PFE int\u00e8gre les cotisations obligatoires vers\u00e9es aux r\u00e9gimes priv\u00e9s (actuariels) de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale ainsi que les recettes non fiscales issues de l'exploitation des ressources naturelles. La combinaison de ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments dresse un panorama plus complet de la pression fiscale r\u00e9gionale.  \n\nEn 2018, la PFE r\u00e9gionale s'est \u00e9tablie \u00e0 25,2 % du PIB, soit 0,4 point de pourcentage de plus qu'en 2017. Trois piliers fiscaux majeurs ont aliment\u00e9 cette progression continue :  \n\n- Taxe sur la valeur ajout\u00e9e (TVA)  \n- Syst\u00e8me d'imp\u00f4t sur le revenu (ISR)  \n- Cotisations de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale (CSS) \u2013 publiques et priv\u00e9es  \n\nDe 1990 \u00e0 2018, ces piliers ont progress\u00e9 conjointement de la mani\u00e8re suivante :  \n- La TVA a gagn\u00e9 3,4 points de pourcentage du PIB (87,0 %)  \n- L'ISR s'est renforc\u00e9 de 2,7 points (77,5 %)  \n- Les CSS obligatoires ont augment\u00e9 de 1,6 point (59,5 %)  \n- Les recettes non fiscales tir\u00e9es des ressources naturelles ont bondi de 0,7 point (317,5 %)  \n\nSur le dernier quinquennat (2013\u20132018), l'essor de la PFE s'est essouffl\u00e9 pour ne plus atteindre qu'1 point de pourcentage du PIB, soit une hausse de 4,1 %. La TVA et l'ISR ont conserv\u00e9 une croissance mesur\u00e9e \u20144,8 % (jusqu'\u00e0 7,3 % du PIB) et 11,8 % (jusqu'\u00e0 6,3 % du PIB)\u2014, alors que les recettes tir\u00e9es des ressources naturelles ont recul\u00e9 de 51,9 % (jusqu'\u00e0 1,0 % du PIB).  \n\nCe jeu de donn\u00e9es vient enrichir les statistiques fiscales 2021 de la r\u00e9gion et procure aux responsables des politiques et aux chercheurs un \u00e9clairage de long terme sur l'\u00e9volution de la pression fiscale et sur la mani\u00e8re dont les structures fiscales orientent les performances \u00e9conomiques en Am\u00e9rique latine et dans les Cara\u00efbes.", "pt_BR": "A Press\u00e3o Fiscal Equivalente (PFE) dimensiona o conjunto de recursos fiscais arrecadados pelos pa\u00edses da Am\u00e9rica Latina e do Caribe. Estruturado segundo a metodologia BID\u2013CIAT, esse indicador sintetiza o efeito combinado dos impostos, das contribui\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e0 seguridade social e das receitas n\u00e3o tribut\u00e1rias.  \n\nPara al\u00e9m dos tributos convencionais, a PFE incorpora as contribui\u00e7\u00f5es obrigat\u00f3rias aos regimes privados (atuariais) de seguridade social e as receitas n\u00e3o tribut\u00e1rias provenientes da explora\u00e7\u00e3o de recursos naturais. A soma desses componentes proporciona um retrato mais completo da press\u00e3o fiscal na regi\u00e3o.  \n\nEm 2018, a PFE regional ficou em 25,2 % do PIB, ou seja, 0,4 ponto percentual acima do registrado em 2017. Tr\u00eas pilares fiscais centrais sustentaram essa trajet\u00f3ria de alta:  \n\n- Imposto sobre Valor Agregado (IVA)  \n- Sistema de Imposto de Renda (ISR)  \n- Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e0 Seguridade Social (CSS) \u2013 tanto p\u00fablicas quanto privadas  \n\nDe 1990 a 2018, esses pilares avan\u00e7aram em conjunto da seguinte maneira:  \n- O IVA acrescentou 3,4 pontos percentuais do PIB (87,0 %)  \n- O ISR ganhou 2,7 pontos (77,5 %)  \n- As CSS obrigat\u00f3rias subiram 1,6 ponto (59,5 %)  \n- As receitas n\u00e3o tribut\u00e1rias de recursos naturais dispararam 0,7 ponto (317,5 %)  \n\nJ\u00e1 no quinqu\u00eanio mais recente (2013\u20132018), o ritmo da PFE perdeu f\u00f4lego e ficou restrito a 1 ponto percentual do PIB, o equivalente a um avan\u00e7o de 4,1 %. O IVA e o ISR mantiveram crescimento moderado \u20144,8 % (at\u00e9 7,3 % do PIB) e 11,8 % (at\u00e9 6,3 % do PIB)\u2014, enquanto as receitas de recursos naturais recuaram 51,9 % (at\u00e9 1,0 % do PIB).  \n\nEste conjunto de dados complementa as estat\u00edsticas tribut\u00e1rias 2021 da regi\u00e3o e oferece a formuladores de pol\u00edticas e pesquisadores uma leitura de longo prazo sobre como a press\u00e3o fiscal evoluiu e sobre como as estruturas tribut\u00e1rias moldam o desempenho econ\u00f4mico na Am\u00e9rica Latina e no Caribe."}}}