{"help": "https://data.iadb.org/es/api/3/action/help_show?name=package_show", "success": true, "result": {"alternate_identifier": "https://mydata.iadb.org/", "citation": {"en": "Alaimo, Veronica;Gualavisi, Melany;Villa, Juan Miguel;Bosch, Mariano, 2017, Tables and Figures for: Measuring the Cost of Salaried Labor in Latin America and the Caribbean, IDB Open Data, https://doi.org/10.60966/08k5i4rc", "es": "Alaimo, Veronica;Gualavisi, Melany;Villa, Juan Miguel;Bosch, Mariano, 2017, Tables and Figures for: Measuring the Cost of Salaried Labor in Latin America and the Caribbean, IDB Open Data, https://doi.org/10.60966/08k5i4rc", "fr": "Alaimo, Veronica;Gualavisi, Melany;Villa, Juan Miguel;Bosch, Mariano, 2017, Tables and Figures for: Measuring the Cost of Salaried Labor in Latin America and the Caribbean, IDB Open Data, https://doi.org/10.60966/08k5i4rc", "pt_BR": "Alaimo, Veronica;Gualavisi, Melany;Villa, Juan Miguel;Bosch, Mariano, 2017, Tables and Figures for: Measuring the Cost of Salaried Labor in Latin America and the Caribbean, IDB Open Data, https://doi.org/10.60966/08k5i4rc"}, "ckan_dataset_type": "dataset", "conforms_to": "https://data.iadb.org/DataCatalog/v1.0/schema", "creator_user_id": "4ce47dd3-eafd-475e-ac63-0311588ac609", "data_structure": [{"uri": "https://taxonomy.iadb.org/knowledgeProductsTaxonomy/b7ab3478-9137-4a01-8118-b6589fa86e48", "labels": {"en": "Semistructured Data", "es": "Datos Semiestructurados", "fr": "Semistructured Data", "pt_BR": "Semistructured Data"}}], "dataset_id": "182", "frequency": {}, "id": "2299e5e8-f3d6-4147-bbdf-5d1b61bd1852", "identifier": "https://doi.org/10.60966/08k5i4rc", "in_series": {}, "language": ["en"], "license_id": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_title": "Creative Commons Attribution\u2013NonCommercial\u2013NoDerivs 3.0 IGO", "license_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/", "metadata_created": "2017-07-18T00:00:00", "metadata_modified": "2025-12-24T07:15:12.637932", "name": "tables-and-figures-for-measuring-the-cost-of-salaried-labor-in-latin-americ", "num_resources": 1, "num_tags": 0, "organization": {"id": "aa9ea49a-64f0-4dcc-9c01-06245f1392a1", "name": "idb-datasets", "title": "IDB Datasets", "type": "organization", "description": "Official list of IDB Datasets", "image_url": "", "created": "2025-03-08T06:03:00.229362", "is_organization": true, "approval_status": "approved", "state": "active"}, "owner_org": "aa9ea49a-64f0-4dcc-9c01-06245f1392a1", "private": false, "regional": [{"uri": "https://taxonomy.iadb.org/knowledgeProductsTaxonomy/43917453886588535763041", "labels": {"en": "Latin America and the Caribbean", "es": "Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe", "fr": "Am\u00e9rique Latine et Cara\u00efbes", "pt_BR": "Am\u00e9rica Latina e Caribe"}}], "source": ["https://publications.iadb.org/en/measuring-cost-salaried-labor-latin-america-and-caribbean"], "statistical_type": {}, "temporal_end": "2013-01-01", "temporal_start": "2013-01-01", "theme": [{"uri": "https://taxonomy.iadb.org/knowledgeProductsTaxonomy/45466564926317124", "labels": {"en": "Labor"}}], "title": {"en": "Tables and Figures for: Measuring the Cost of Salaried Labor in Latin America and the Caribbean", "es": "Tablas y figuras de: Medici\u00f3n del costo del trabajo asalariado en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe", "fr": "Tableaux et figures pour : Mesurer le co\u00fbt du travail salari\u00e9 en Am\u00e9rique latine et dans les Cara\u00efbes", "pt_BR": "Tabelas e Figuras para: Medindo o Custo do Trabalho Assalariado na Am\u00e9rica Latina e no Caribe"}, "type": "dataset", "unit_observation": {}, "unit_responsible": {"en": "Social Protection and Labor Markets Division (VPS/SCL/SPL)"}, "version": null, "creator": [{"creator_name": {"en": "Alaimo, Veronica"}, "creator_type": "organizational", "url": ""}, {"creator_name": {"en": "Gualavisi, Melany"}, "creator_type": "organizational", "url": ""}, {"creator_name": {"en": "Villa, Juan Miguel"}, "creator_type": "organizational", "url": ""}, {"creator_name": {"en": "Bosch, Mariano"}, "creator_type": "organizational", "url": ""}], "publisher": [{"publisher_name": {"en": "Inter-American Development Bank"}, "uri": "https://data.iadb.org"}], "resources": [{"access_rights": "", "access_url": "https://data.iadb.org/dataset/2299e5e8-f3d6-4147-bbdf-5d1b61bd1852/resource/83317674-0bc0-4555-b02a-4e15fcd0f042", "cache_last_updated": null, "cache_url": null, "created": "2025-03-07T23:27:50.932141", "data_notes": {}, "datastore_active": false, "datastore_contains_all_records_of_source_file": false, "description": "", "file_id": "24918691-db61-4017-a07b-fc667b8e73e7", "format": "XLSX", "hash": "", "id": "83317674-0bc0-4555-b02a-4e15fcd0f042", "indicator_category": "", "is_indicator": false, "language": [], "last_modified": "2025-03-07T23:27:50.880428", "metadata_modified": "2025-12-24T00:55:31.635586", "mimetype": "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet", "mimetype_inner": null, "name": "Labor-Costs-Annex-1", "package_id": "2299e5e8-f3d6-4147-bbdf-5d1b61bd1852", "position": 0, "resource_type": null, "rights": {}, "size": 1491385, "state": "active", "theme": {}, "url": "https://data.iadb.org/file/download/24918691-db61-4017-a07b-fc667b8e73e7"}], "spatial_coverage": [{"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Argentina", "es": "Argentina", "fr": "Argentina", "pt_BR": "Argentina"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3865483"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Bolivia", "es": "Bolivia", "fr": "Bolivia", "pt_BR": "Bolivia"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3923057"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Brazil", "es": "Brazil", "fr": "Brazil", "pt_BR": "Brazil"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3469034"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Chile", "es": "Chile", "fr": "Chile", "pt_BR": "Chile"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3895114"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Colombia", "es": "Colombia", "fr": "Colombia", "pt_BR": "Colombia"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3686110"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Costa Rica", "es": "Costa Rica", "fr": "Costa Rica", "pt_BR": "Costa Rica"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3624060"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Dominican Republic", "es": "Dominican Republic", "fr": "Dominican Republic", "pt_BR": "Dominican Republic"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3508796"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Ecuador", "es": "Ecuador", "fr": "Ecuador", "pt_BR": "Ecuador"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3658394"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "El Salvador", "es": "El Salvador", "fr": "El Salvador", "pt_BR": "El Salvador"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3585968"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Guatemala", "es": "Guatemala", "fr": "Guatemala", "pt_BR": "Guatemala"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3595528"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Honduras", "es": "Honduras", "fr": "Honduras", "pt_BR": "Honduras"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3608932"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Jamaica", "es": "Jamaica", "fr": "Jamaica", "pt_BR": "Jamaica"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3489940"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Mexico", "es": "Mexico", "fr": "Mexico", "pt_BR": "Mexico"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3996063"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Nicaragua", "es": "Nicaragua", "fr": "Nicaragua", "pt_BR": "Nicaragua"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3617476"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Panama", "es": "Panama", "fr": "Panama", "pt_BR": "Panama"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3703430"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Paraguay", "es": "Paraguay", "fr": "Paraguay", "pt_BR": "Paraguay"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3437598"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Peru", "es": "Peru", "fr": "Peru", "pt_BR": "Peru"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3932488"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Trinidad and Tobago", "es": "Trinidad and Tobago", "fr": "Trinidad and Tobago", "pt_BR": "Trinidad and Tobago"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3573591"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Uruguay", "es": "Uruguay", "fr": "Uruguay", "pt_BR": "Uruguay"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3439705"}, {"bbox": "", "centroid": "", "geom": "", "label": {"en": "Venezuela", "es": "Venezuela", "fr": "Venezuela", "pt_BR": "Venezuela"}, "uri": "https://sws.geonames.org/3625428"}], "groups": [], "relationships_as_subject": [], "relationships_as_object": [], "doi": "10.60966/08k5i4rc", "doi_status": true, "domain": "https://data.iadb.org", "doi_date_published": "2025-03-08", "doi_publisher": "IADB", "data_collection_type": [{"uri": "https://taxonomy.iadb.org/knowledgeProductsTaxonomy/ba70c67d-1a87-46ac-ad2a-479d2c354809", "labels": {"en": "Observational Data", "es": "Datos Observacionales", "fr": "Donn\u00e9e d'observation", "pt_BR": "Dados Observacionais"}}], "keyword": {"en": ["Minimum Wages", "Non-Wage Cost", "Payroll Taxes", "Severance Payments"], "es": ["Salarios m\u00ednimos", "Costo no salarial", "Impuestos sobre la n\u00f3mina", "Indemnizaciones por despido"], "fr": ["Salaires minimums", "Co\u00fbt non salarial", "Charges sur salaires", "Indemnit\u00e9s de licenciement"], "pt_BR": ["Sal\u00e1rio m\u00ednimo", "Custo n\u00e3o salarial", "Encargos sobre a folha de pagamento", "Indeniza\u00e7\u00f5es por demiss\u00e3o"]}, "contact_point": "opendata@iadb.org", "description": {"en": "This paper presents new data documenting the cost of salaried labor in 20 Latin American and Caribbean countries. We gather data on the three main costs associated to hiring salaried labor; (i) minimum wages and other monetary benefits, (ii) mandated contributions for social insurance and other benefits and (iii) job security provisions. We present two new indicators. First, we calculate the average non-wage cost of salaried labor (NWC). This indicator answers the following question: for the average wage, what additional share of wages must be satisfied by workers and employers to fulfill all the law mandated non-wage costs of a legal salaried relationship. Our second indicator combines these non-wage costs with the nominal restriction that legal wages cannot be lower than the minimum wage. We calculate the annual dollar value of paying a worker the minimum wage plus all mandated non-wage costs as a share of GDP per worker. This constitutes the minimum cost of salaried labor (MCSL). We highlight seven important facts; (i) The average non-wage cost of salaried labor (NWC) for the region is 49% of wages. (ii) There is a large dispersion across countries like Argentina, Brazil and Peru with costs around 70% of wages and countries like Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica and Chile with cost less than 40% of wages. (iii) Mandatory contributions are the most important component of the average non-wage cost of salaried labor with 27.3% of wages followed by additional benefits with 13.8% of wages while job security provisions account for another 8.4%. (iv) On average, mandated contributions from employers amount to 17.5% of average annual wages, versus 9.8% of mandated contributions from employees. (v) The minimum cost of salaried labor (MCSL) is on average 39% of GDP per worker. (vi) Variation of the MCSL across countries is even larger. For countries like Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago or the Dominican Republic the MCSL it is below 15% of GDP per worker while the minimum cost of hiring a salaried worker in Honduras is 95% of GDP per capita. (vii) Despite having below average NWC, the five poorest countries in our sample are those presenting the highest MCSL, due to high minimum wages relative to GDP per worker.", "es": "Este documento presenta nuevos datos que documentan el costo del trabajo asalariado en 20 pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe. Reunimos informaci\u00f3n sobre los tres principales costos asociados a la contrataci\u00f3n de trabajo asalariado: (i) salarios m\u00ednimos y otras prestaciones monetarias; (ii) contribuciones obligatorias para el seguro social y otras prestaciones; y (iii) disposiciones de estabilidad laboral. Presentamos dos nuevos indicadores. Primero, calculamos el costo no salarial promedio del trabajo asalariado (NWC, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s). Este indicador responde a la siguiente pregunta: para el salario promedio, \u00bfqu\u00e9 proporci\u00f3n adicional del salario debe ser cubierta por trabajadores y empleadores para cumplir con todos los costos no salariales exigidos por ley en una relaci\u00f3n laboral asalariada formal? Nuestro segundo indicador combina estos costos no salariales con la restricci\u00f3n nominal de que los salarios legales no pueden ser inferiores al salario m\u00ednimo. Calculamos el valor anual en d\u00f3lares de pagar a un trabajador el salario m\u00ednimo m\u00e1s todos los costos no salariales obligatorios como proporci\u00f3n del PIB por trabajador. Esto constituye el costo m\u00ednimo del trabajo asalariado (MCSL, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s). Destacamos siete hechos importantes: (i) el costo no salarial promedio del trabajo asalariado (NWC) en la regi\u00f3n equivale al 49 % de los salarios; (ii) existe una amplia dispersi\u00f3n entre pa\u00edses, como Argentina, Brasil y Per\u00fa, con costos cercanos al 70 % de los salarios, y pa\u00edses como Trinidad y Tobago, Jamaica y Chile, con costos inferiores al 40 %; (iii) las contribuciones obligatorias son el componente m\u00e1s importante del costo no salarial promedio, con 27,3 % de los salarios, seguidas por las prestaciones adicionales con 13,8 %, mientras que las disposiciones de estabilidad laboral representan otro 8,4 %; (iv) en promedio, las contribuciones obligatorias de los empleadores ascienden a 17,5 % de los salarios anuales promedio, frente a 9,8 % de las contribuciones obligatorias de los empleados; (v) el costo m\u00ednimo del trabajo asalariado (MCSL) es, en promedio, 39 % del PIB por trabajador; (vi) la variaci\u00f3n del MCSL entre pa\u00edses es a\u00fan mayor: en pa\u00edses como M\u00e9xico, Trinidad y Tobago o la Rep\u00fablica Dominicana, el MCSL es inferior a 15 % del PIB por trabajador, mientras que el costo m\u00ednimo de contratar a un trabajador asalariado en Honduras es 95 % del PIB per c\u00e1pita; (vii) pese a tener un NWC por debajo del promedio, los cinco pa\u00edses m\u00e1s pobres de nuestra muestra son los que presentan el MCSL m\u00e1s alto, debido a salarios m\u00ednimos elevados en relaci\u00f3n con el PIB por trabajador.", "fr": "Ce document pr\u00e9sente de nouvelles donn\u00e9es sur le co\u00fbt du travail salari\u00e9 dans 20 pays d\u2019Am\u00e9rique latine et des Cara\u00efbes. Nous rassemblons des donn\u00e9es sur les trois principaux co\u00fbts li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019embauche de salari\u00e9s : (i) les salaires minimums et autres avantages mon\u00e9taires, (ii) les cotisations obligatoires aux r\u00e9gimes d\u2019assurance sociale et autres prestations, et (iii) les dispositions en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi. Nous pr\u00e9sentons deux nouveaux indicateurs. Premi\u00e8rement, nous calculons le co\u00fbt non salarial moyen du travail salari\u00e9 (NWC). Cet indicateur r\u00e9pond \u00e0 la question suivante : pour le salaire moyen, quelle part additionnelle du salaire doit \u00eatre acquitt\u00e9e par les travailleurs et les employeurs afin de satisfaire l\u2019ensemble des co\u00fbts non salariaux impos\u00e9s par la loi dans une relation de travail salari\u00e9 l\u00e9gale. Notre deuxi\u00e8me indicateur combine ces co\u00fbts non salariaux avec la contrainte nominale selon laquelle les salaires l\u00e9gaux ne peuvent \u00eatre inf\u00e9rieurs au salaire minimum. Nous calculons la valeur annuelle en dollars du paiement d\u2019un travailleur au salaire minimum, major\u00e9 de l\u2019ensemble des co\u00fbts non salariaux obligatoires, en pourcentage du PIB par travailleur. Cela constitue le co\u00fbt minimal du travail salari\u00e9 (MCSL). Nous mettons en \u00e9vidence sept faits importants : (i) le co\u00fbt non salarial moyen du travail salari\u00e9 (NWC) dans la r\u00e9gion est de 49 % des salaires ; (ii) la dispersion entre pays est importante, avec des co\u00fbts autour de 70 % des salaires en Argentine, au Br\u00e9sil et au P\u00e9rou, et des co\u00fbts inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 40 % \u00e0 Trinit\u00e9-et-Tobago, en Jama\u00efque et au Chili ; (iii) les cotisations obligatoires constituent la composante la plus importante du co\u00fbt non salarial moyen (27,3 % des salaires), suivies des prestations additionnelles (13,8 %), tandis que les dispositions de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019emploi repr\u00e9sentent 8,4 % ; (iv) en moyenne, les cotisations obligatoires des employeurs s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8vent \u00e0 17,5 % des salaires annuels moyens, contre 9,8 % pour les cotisations obligatoires des salari\u00e9s ; (v) le co\u00fbt minimal du travail salari\u00e9 (MCSL) repr\u00e9sente en moyenne 39 % du PIB par travailleur ; (vi) la variation du MCSL entre pays est encore plus marqu\u00e9e : au Mexique, \u00e0 Trinit\u00e9-et-Tobago ou en R\u00e9publique dominicaine, il est inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 15 % du PIB par travailleur, tandis que le co\u00fbt minimal d\u2019embauche d\u2019un salari\u00e9 au Honduras atteint 95 % du PIB par habitant ; (vii) malgr\u00e9 un NWC inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la moyenne, les cinq pays les plus pauvres de notre \u00e9chantillon pr\u00e9sentent les MCSL les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s, en raison de salaires minimums \u00e9lev\u00e9s relativement au PIB par travailleur.", "pt_BR": "Este documento apresenta novos dados que registram o custo do trabalho assalariado em 20 pa\u00edses da Am\u00e9rica Latina e do Caribe. Reunimos informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os tr\u00eas principais custos associados \u00e0 contrata\u00e7\u00e3o de trabalho assalariado: (i) sal\u00e1rios m\u00ednimos e outros benef\u00edcios monet\u00e1rios; (ii) contribui\u00e7\u00f5es obrigat\u00f3rias para seguro social e outros benef\u00edcios; e (iii) disposi\u00e7\u00f5es de estabilidade/seguran\u00e7a no emprego. Apresentamos dois novos indicadores. Primeiro, calculamos o custo m\u00e9dio n\u00e3o salarial do trabalho assalariado (NWC, na sigla em ingl\u00eas). Esse indicador responde \u00e0 seguinte pergunta: para o sal\u00e1rio m\u00e9dio, que parcela adicional do sal\u00e1rio deve ser paga por trabalhadores e empregadores para cumprir todos os custos n\u00e3o salariais exigidos por lei em uma rela\u00e7\u00e3o formal de trabalho assalariado. Nosso segundo indicador combina esses custos n\u00e3o salariais com a restri\u00e7\u00e3o nominal de que sal\u00e1rios legais n\u00e3o podem ser inferiores ao sal\u00e1rio m\u00ednimo. Calculamos o valor anual em d\u00f3lares de pagar a um trabalhador o sal\u00e1rio m\u00ednimo mais todos os custos n\u00e3o salariais obrigat\u00f3rios como propor\u00e7\u00e3o do PIB por trabalhador. Isso constitui o custo m\u00ednimo do trabalho assalariado (MCSL, na sigla em ingl\u00eas). Destacamos sete fatos importantes: (i) o custo m\u00e9dio n\u00e3o salarial do trabalho assalariado (NWC) na regi\u00e3o \u00e9 49% dos sal\u00e1rios; (ii) h\u00e1 grande dispers\u00e3o entre pa\u00edses, como Argentina, Brasil e Peru, com custos em torno de 70% dos sal\u00e1rios, e pa\u00edses como Trinidad e Tobago, Jamaica e Chile, com custo inferior a 40% dos sal\u00e1rios; (iii) as contribui\u00e7\u00f5es obrigat\u00f3rias s\u00e3o o componente mais importante do custo m\u00e9dio n\u00e3o salarial do trabalho assalariado, com 27,3% dos sal\u00e1rios, seguidas por benef\u00edcios adicionais, com 13,8%, enquanto as disposi\u00e7\u00f5es de seguran\u00e7a no emprego representam outros 8,4%; (iv) em m\u00e9dia, as contribui\u00e7\u00f5es obrigat\u00f3rias dos empregadores equivalem a 17,5% dos sal\u00e1rios anuais m\u00e9dios, versus 9,8% das contribui\u00e7\u00f5es obrigat\u00f3rias dos empregados; (v) o custo m\u00ednimo do trabalho assalariado (MCSL) \u00e9, em m\u00e9dia, 39% do PIB por trabalhador; (vi) a varia\u00e7\u00e3o do MCSL entre pa\u00edses \u00e9 ainda maior: em pa\u00edses como M\u00e9xico, Trinidad e Tobago ou Rep\u00fablica Dominicana, o MCSL \u00e9 inferior a 15% do PIB por trabalhador, enquanto o custo m\u00ednimo de contratar um trabalhador assalariado em Honduras \u00e9 95% do PIB per capita; (vii) apesar de apresentarem NWC abaixo da m\u00e9dia, os cinco pa\u00edses mais pobres da amostra s\u00e3o os que exibem o maior MCSL, devido a sal\u00e1rios m\u00ednimos elevados em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao PIB por trabalhador."}}}