What does the Inflation indicator measure?
It measures the percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) relative to the preceding period of equal length, capturing how fast the general level of household prices changes. A positive rate means rising prices; a negative rate means deflation.
How many countries and which periods are covered?
The indicator covers 25 countries across Latin America and the Caribbean from 1990 to 2026, at annual, monthly, and quarterly frequency.
What is the difference between end-of-period and average rates?
The series is reported as a rate and a rate, end of period. End-of-period values use the rate in the last month of the reference period against the previous last month; average values use the mean of the monthly rates within the period against the previous period.
Where does the data come from?
Figures are compiled from official national statistical agencies and central banks, including INEGI - Mexico, INDEC - Argentina, Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE) de Chile, Banco de la República de Colombia, and Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada.
What are typical uses of this indicator?
It is used to monitor price stability, assess monetary policy and central-bank inflation targets, deflate nominal series into real terms, and compare price dynamics across countries in the region.
How do I cite this indicator?
Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Latin Macro Watch — "Inflation". data.iadb.org/dataset/latin-macro-watch-dataset.
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