Commodity Price Index

The Commodity Price Index is a statistical measure that tracks changes over time in the prices of a selected basket of primary commodities, usually expressed against a fixed base year, and is published in the Latin Macro Watch dataset of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). Its composition varies across countries and institutions, often reflecting a country's main export commodities. The series helps economists, trade analysts and policymakers monitor terms of trade, external-price pressure and commodity-driven income across Latin America and the Caribbean.

Coverage

Data are available for 3 countries across Latin America and the Caribbean at annual, monthly and quarterly frequency, spanning 1990 to 2026. Values are reported as index levels, including a 2023 = 100 base, with period-average and end-of-period variants. Available transformations include quarter-on-quarter and year-on-year growth rates.

Sources

Figures are compiled from national central banks, namely the Banco Central de la República Argentina, the Banco Central del Ecuador and the Banco Central do Brasil. The Argentine series corresponds to the BCRA Commodity Price Index (IPMP) of international prices for the country's main primary export commodities, not a domestic price index.

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Format	CSV
Language	en
Country	Argentina Bahamas Trinidad & Tobago Belize Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia El Salvador Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Panama Uruguay Venezuela Barbados Paraguay Peru Suriname
Data notes	What does the Commodity Price Index measure? It tracks changes over time in the prices of a selected basket of primary commodities, usually expressed against a fixed base year. The composition of the basket varies across countries and institutions. How many countries and which periods are covered? The indicator covers 3 countries across Latin America and the Caribbean, with data spanning 1990 to 2026 at annual, monthly and quarterly frequency. What units and transformations are available? Values are reported as index levels, including a 2023 = 100 base, with period-average and end-of-period variants. Transformations include quarter-on-quarter and year-on-year growth rates. Where does the data come from? The data are compiled from national central banks: the Banco Central de la República Argentina, the Banco Central del Ecuador and the Banco Central do Brasil. Is the Argentine series a domestic price index? No. The Argentine series is the BCRA Commodity Price Index (IPMP), based on international prices of the country's main primary export commodities weighted by export shares — it is not a domestic price index. What is this indicator typically used for? It is used to monitor terms of trade, external-price pressure and commodity-driven income across commodity-exporting economies in Latin America and the Caribbean. How do I cite this indicator? Cite it as: Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Latin Macro Watch — "Commodity Price Index." data.iadb.org/dataset/latin-macro-watch-dataset.